A nice series of posts about Covariance and Contravariance in a hypothetical future version of C# by Eric Lippert.

1. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part One
2. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part Two: Array Covariance
3. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part Three: Member Group Conversion Variance
4. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part Four: Real Delegate Variance
5. Covariance and Contravariance In C#, Part Five: Higher Order Functions Hurt My Brain
6. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part Six: Interface Variance
7. Covariance and Contravariance in C# Part Seven: Why Do We Need A Syntax At All?
8. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part Eight: Syntax Options
9. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part Nine: Breaking Changes
10. Covariance and Contravariance in C#, Part Ten: Dealing With Ambiguity

Eric added another part:

11. Covariance and Contravariance, Part Eleven: To infinity, but not beyond